In most countries the armed forces are divided into three or four forces: an army, a navy, an air force, and often a gendarmerie or a paramilitary police force. Gendarmeries (including equivalents such as Internal Troops, Paramilitary Forces, etc.) are common in most of the world but are uncommon in Anglo-Saxon countries. A number of countries have no navy, for geographical reasons.
Many countries have a variation on the standard model of three or four basic forces. Variations include China (army, navy, air force, strategic missile force), South Africa (army, navy, air force, military health service), Egypt (army, navy, air force, air defense) or The Netherlands (army, navy, air force, military police). The United States has five (army, navy, air force, marines, coast guard), like Italy (army, navy, air force, military police and financial police).
In larger armed forces the culture between the different branches of a country's armed forces can be quite different.
Most smaller countries have a single organization that encompasses all armed forces employed by the country in question. Third-world armies tend to consist primarily of infantry, while first-world armies tend to have larger units manning expensive equipment and only a fraction of personnel in infantry units.
The state of readiness of a military organization may be indicated by its alert state.
Armed forces may be organized as standing forces (e.g. regular army), which describes a professional army that is engaged in no other profession than preparing for and engaging in warfare. In contrast, there is the very rare citizen army as used in Switzerland. A citizen army (also known as a militia or reserve army) is only mobilized as needed. Its advantage lies in the fact that it is dramatically less expensive (in terms of wealth, manpower, and opportunity cost) for the organizing society to support. The disadvantage is that such a "citizen's army" is usually less well trained and organized.
A compromise between the two has a small cadre of professional non-commissioned officers (NCOs) and officers who act as a skeleton for a much larger force. When war comes, this skeleton is filled out with conscripts or reservists (former full-time soldiers who volunteer for a small stipend to occasionally train with the cadre to keep their military skills intact), who form the wartime unit. This balances the pros and cons of each basic organization, and allows the formation of huge armies (in terms of millions of combatants), necessary in modern large scale warfare.
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South Korea
In South Korea 국군 의 날 (English: Armed Forces Day) falls on October 1, the day that South-Korean forces broke through the 38th parellel in 1950 during the Korean War. It is not a national holiday or public day off, but a National Flag Raising Day (국기게양일) to recognizes and honor the military forces of the Republic of Korea
Sri Lanka
In Sri Lanka each armed services celebrates its own Army Day (October 9), the Navy Day (December 9) and the IAF Day (March 2) respectively. However all armed services celebrates Independence day (February 4) with a military parade in which they display their full colours.
Taiwan
The Republic of China, administering Taiwan celebrates 軍人節 (English: Armed Forces Day) on September 3. Pursuant to Article 5 of the Order to Implement Commemoration Days and Holidays (traditional Chinese: 紀念日及節日實施辦法), the Ministry of National Defense (國防部) determines how to allow a day off for the military personnel. This is not a public holiday in Taiwan, but relevant institutions, groups, and schools may hold celebrating activities.
Vietnam
In the Vietnam, Armed Forces Day is celebrated on December 22, the date of establishment of the Armed Propaganda Unit for National Liberation, the predecessor to the Vietnam People's Army
Canada
In Canada, Canadian Forces Day is the first Sunday in June and is strictly a celebration of Canada's armed services, their heritage, and their personnel.[citation needed] Many individual bases also celebrate an "Armed Forces Day" where part of a base is opened to the public for military demonstrations by various units, including airshows at air bases, and engineering, armoured and infantry displays at army bases.[citation needed] The date chosen by base commanders for each base's Armed Forces Day is typically on a weekend during the summer months
Forces
In China, Armed Forces Day is celebrated on August 1 in commemoration of the founding of the People's Liberation Army.
In Egypt, Armed Forces Day is celebrated on October 6, to commemorate the Egyptian Army's initial successful crossing of the Bar Lev Line and initial tactical victories in the October War.
Israel
Yom Hazikaron (English: Memorial Day) is observed on the 4th day of the month of Iyar of the Hebrew calendar, always preceding the next day's celebrations of Israel Independence Day, Yom Ha-Atzma'ut, on the 5th day of Iyar, the anniversary of the Proclamation of the State of Israel in 1948. This holiday honors veterans and fallen military personnel of the Israel Defense Forces who died in the modern Arab Israeli conflict
In Egypt, Armed Forces Day is celebrated on October 6, to commemorate the Egyptian Army's initial successful crossing of the Bar Lev Line and initial tactical victories in the October War.
Israel
Yom Hazikaron (English: Memorial Day) is observed on the 4th day of the month of Iyar of the Hebrew calendar, always preceding the next day's celebrations of Israel Independence Day, Yom Ha-Atzma'ut, on the 5th day of Iyar, the anniversary of the Proclamation of the State of Israel in 1948. This holiday honors veterans and fallen military personnel of the Israel Defense Forces who died in the modern Arab Israeli conflict
Pakistan
In Pakistan,the Federal Army, Navy and Air Force celebrate Army Day (September 6), the Navy Day (September 8) and the PAF Day (September 7) respectively. But during Military rule it is on the Independence Day (August 14). Usually the ceremony takes place on the Resolution or Republic Day (March 23) when Pakistan is functioned during Democratic rule all three services display their full natural colours and guard of honour where they salute the national flag, Jinnah, Fatima Jinnah and other founding fathers such as Muhammad Iqbal, Choudhary Rehmat Ali as well as the national leaders. These observances then are watched by crowds of the people of Pakistani people, both at home and abroad. The capital Islamabad and other cities such as Lahore, Karachi, Gwadar, Quetta and Peshawar virtually come to a stand still during these celebrations
India
In India, the Army, Navy and Air Force celebrate their own Army Day (January 15), the Navy Day (December 4) and the IAF Day (October 8) respectively. But on Republic Day (January 26), all three services display their full colours and guard of honour.[citation needed]
Indian Air Force Day - The Indian Air Force Act came into force on 08 October 1932, that date being the date of its formal constitution. The IAF was a small group of six officer, nineteen airmen and four Wapiti aircraft. Now it is the fourth largest Aitrforce in the World after US, Russia and China. On 01 April 1933 first flight of the IAF the 'A' flight took off. IAF personnels consisted of five pilots and one equipment officer and 19 Havai Sepoys (air soldiers) and its aircraft was four Westland Wapiti IIA arm, which was in karachi(Pakistan). The Air Force first war was on 01 Oct 1937 in Wazirstan for Army Co-operation missions against Tribal. 'A' Flight flew 1400 operational hours.
Indian Navy Day - In India, 4th December is celebrated as Navy Day. On this day Indian Navy played a significant role in the bombing of Karachi harbor in the 1971 war i.e. Operation Trident which was launched on December 4. Owing to its success, the day of the attack has been celebrated as Navy Day since then.
Indian Republic Day - India became a Republic when the Constitution of the Country came into force on 26th January 1950, thereby defining it as a Sovereign Socialist Democratic Republic with a Parliamentary form of Government, through the Preamble. The Indian Constitution, which was adopted by the Constituent Assembly after considerable discussions represented the framework of the Government of the Country. Henceforth, 26th January has been recognized and celebrated as India’s Republic Day with great ardor, and is decreed a national holiday.
Indian Air Force Day - The Indian Air Force Act came into force on 08 October 1932, that date being the date of its formal constitution. The IAF was a small group of six officer, nineteen airmen and four Wapiti aircraft. Now it is the fourth largest Aitrforce in the World after US, Russia and China. On 01 April 1933 first flight of the IAF the 'A' flight took off. IAF personnels consisted of five pilots and one equipment officer and 19 Havai Sepoys (air soldiers) and its aircraft was four Westland Wapiti IIA arm, which was in karachi(Pakistan). The Air Force first war was on 01 Oct 1937 in Wazirstan for Army Co-operation missions against Tribal. 'A' Flight flew 1400 operational hours.
Indian Navy Day - In India, 4th December is celebrated as Navy Day. On this day Indian Navy played a significant role in the bombing of Karachi harbor in the 1971 war i.e. Operation Trident which was launched on December 4. Owing to its success, the day of the attack has been celebrated as Navy Day since then.
Indian Republic Day - India became a Republic when the Constitution of the Country came into force on 26th January 1950, thereby defining it as a Sovereign Socialist Democratic Republic with a Parliamentary form of Government, through the Preamble. The Indian Constitution, which was adopted by the Constituent Assembly after considerable discussions represented the framework of the Government of the Country. Henceforth, 26th January has been recognized and celebrated as India’s Republic Day with great ardor, and is decreed a national holiday.
United States
In the United States, Armed Forces Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in May. The day was created in 1949, and was a result of the consolidation of the military services in the Department of Defense. It was intended to replace the separate Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard Days, but observance of these days, especially within each particular service, continues to this day.
The first Armed Forces Day was celebrated by parades, open houses, receptions and air shows. Armed Forces Day is celebrated annually on the third Saturday of May, and Armed Forces Week begins on the second Saturday of May and ends on the third Sunday of May. Because of their unique training schedules, National Guard and Reserve units may celebrate Armed Forces Day/Week over any period in May. The purpose of Armed Forces day is to honor Americans serving in the five services - the Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force, and Coast Guard
The first Armed Forces Day was celebrated by parades, open houses, receptions and air shows. Armed Forces Day is celebrated annually on the third Saturday of May, and Armed Forces Week begins on the second Saturday of May and ends on the third Sunday of May. Because of their unique training schedules, National Guard and Reserve units may celebrate Armed Forces Day/Week over any period in May. The purpose of Armed Forces day is to honor Americans serving in the five services - the Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force, and Coast Guard
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